Which concept refers to knowledge that is known prior to experience?

The concept that refers to knowledge known prior to experience is known as a priori knowledge. This type of knowledge is independent of sensory experience and is often associated with logical deductions or inherent truths. For example, mathematical truths, such as 2 + 2 = 4, can be understood and known without needing any empirical evidence or experiences.

In philosophy, a priori knowledge is contrasted with a posteriori knowledge, which is knowledge that is dependent on experience or empirical evidence. Understanding this distinction is critical in epistemology, where the nature and sources of knowledge are explored. Hence, the recognition of a priori knowledge highlights the capacity for certain truths to be grasped through reason alone, showing the foundational role of rational thought in the acquisition of knowledge.